Melatonin is produced in the pineal gland in the brain. It helps to regulate sleep and maintain the body’s circadian rhythm. Most often it is used to relieve sleep-related difficulties as well as jet lag. Nearly one-half of Americans suffer from occasional or chronic sleep difficulties. Melatonin has been reported to be effective in helping those with mild or occasional insomnia. One study concluded that those traveled eastward in flight found relief by taking melatonin. Another study showed that upon arrival, travelers who took 5 mg of melatonin between 10 p.m. and 12 p.m. fell asleep faster and slept better. A less common reason for taking Melatonin is its ability to control the release of female productive hormones. It regulates when menstruation begins, the duration and frequency of cycles, as well as menopause.